Conditional Sentences : Tipe I, II dan III
Conditional sentence (kalimat pengandaian) adalah kalimat yang mengandaikan suatu keinginan, harapan, rencana, dan Iain-lain yang masih bisa terjadi [possible), sesuatu yang tak terpenuhi/angan-angan (unreal), dan tak ter- wujud (impossible).
Contoh:
- If I work hard, I will have a lot of money. (Jika aku bekerja keras, aku akan memiliki banyak uang)
- If I study English, I will get good score in TOEFL. (Jika aku belajar bahasa Inggris, aku akan mendapatkan nilai yang bagus dalam tes TOEFL)
- If I had a lot of money, I would buy an expensive car. (Jika aku memiliki banyak uang, aku akan menibeli mobil yang mahal)
- If i were you, I would work in that foreign company. (Jika aku jadi kamu, aku akan bekerja di perusahaan asing itu)
- We would have got the ticket if we had come earlier. (Kita akan mendapatkan tiket jika kita datang lebih awal.)
KINDS OF CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
Tipe I (Probabli Condition)
Tipe I conditional adalah suatu kalimat pengandaian biasa : apa yang diandaikan akan mudah terpenuhi apabila syaratnya terpenuhi.
Contoh :
- If i have money, i will buy a computer set. (jika saya punya uang, saya akan membeli perangkat komputer)
- He will give you some sweets if you help him. (ia akan memberimu gula-gula jika kamu menolongnya)
Pada kalimat di atas, jika syarat “punya uang” terpenuhi, maka apa yang diandaikan yaitu “membeli perangkat komputer” akan terlekasana / terpenuhi.
Susunan / bentuk conditional clause Type I adalah sebagai berikut :
- Anak kalimatnya (=if-clause): If + present (V1); induk kalimatnya: Simple Future (shall/will + V1)
Contoh :
- If you put ice in the sun, it will melt.
- If you ring the bell there, the servant will come out.
- There will be a flood if it rains hard for more than eight hours
Tipe II (Improbable Condition)
- Anak kalimat (=if-clause): if + simple past (V2); induk kalimatnya: Conditional (should/would + V1)
Contoh:
- If I knew, I would tell you.
- Would she get angry if i tore this photograph?
- If i were a butterfly, I would go anywhere I like to look for honey.
- I would fly to Taiper if I had enough money.
- If we smoked in the station, the police would arrested us.
- The students would go home earlier if the music teacher did not come at 10.00
- If i were you, i would accept his offer.
Ctatatan: pada tipe II ini, be menjadi were untuk semua subjek.
Type III (Impossible Condition)
- Anak kalimat (=if-clause): if + past perfect (had + V3); induk kalimatnya: past conditional (should/would + have + V3)
Contoh:
- If I had known about it, i would have informed you
- I would have come if I had known about it
- If you had come to the meeting, you would have seen the Prime Minister
- If the rain had failed to come last season, everything would have been draught.
- She would not have sung the song if we had not asked her to do so.
Latihan 71
- If I were you, I would accept her offer of job.
- what would you do to the elementary schools if you were a minister of education?
- Mr. Lauw wouldn’t have been late if he had got up earlier this morning?
- Helen shouldn’t have made mistakes if I had known about that.
- The grass won’t get green if the rain fails to fall down.
- More people would have suffered if the war had not stopped.
- “If I were a grain of corn, the chicken would eat me,” said the madman.
- If I ring the bell, will anyone open the door?
- You would have a stomachache if you ate thid food.
- I’m sure that the pepper seeds will die if the rain fails to come.
- If the lights go out, we will go to bed early.
- You’ll be late to the conference if you don’t leave now.
Answer
II : If I were you, I would accept her offer of job.
III : If I had been you, I would have accepted her offer of job
2. I : what will you do to the elementary schools if you are a minister of education?
II : what would you do to the elementary schools if you were a minister of education?
III : what would have you done to the elementary schools if you had been a minister of
education?
3. I : Mr. Lauw will not be late if he gets up earlier this morning?
II : Mr. Lauw wouldn’t be late if he get up earlier this morning?
III : Mr. Lauw wouldn’t have been late if he had got up earlier this morning?
4. I : Helen will not make mistakes if I know about that.
II : Helen shouldn’t make mistakes if I knew about that.
III : Helen shouldn’t have made mistakes if I had known about that.
5. I : The grass won’t get green if the rain fails to fall down.
II : The grass wouldn’t get green if the rain failed to fall down.
III : The grass wouldn’t have got green if the rain had failed to fall down.
6. I : More people will suffer if the war does not stop.
II : More people would suffer if the war did not stopped.
III : More people would have suffered if the war had not stopped.
7. I : “If I am a grain of corn, the chicken will eat me,” said the madman.
II : “If I were a grain of corn, the chicken would eat me,” said the madman.
III : “If I had been a grain of corn, the chicken would have eaten me,” said the madman.
8. I : If I ring the bell, will anyone open the door?
II : If I rang the bell, would anyone open the door?
III : If I had rung the bell, would anyone have opened the door?
9. I : You will have a stomachache if you eat thid food.
II : You would have a stomachache if you ate thid food.
III :
10. I : I’m sure that the pepper seeds will die if the rain fails to come.
II : I were sure that the pepper seeds would die if the rain failed to come.
III : I had been sure that the pepper seeds would have died if the rain had failed to
come.
11. I : If the lights go out, we will go to bed early.
II : If the lights went out, we would go to bed early.
III : If the lights had gone out, we would have gone to bed early.
12. I : You’ll be late to the conference if you don’t leave now.
II : You would be late to the conference if you didn’t leave now.
III : You would have been late to the conference if you had not left now.